Background: The purpose of this study was to examine women’s knowledge of female reproduction—anatomy, hormones and their functions, ovulation, the menstrual cycle and its associated reproductive changes, conception, and signs of pregnancy.

Methods: A survey was completed by 125 women of childbearing age aspart of a larger “Women’s Health Promotion Program”. Descriptive statistics, mainly univariate and bivariate analyses were conducted using

STATA 13.

Results: The women in the study were ages 18 to 51 years, 52% were Hispanic, 36% African American and 12% White. Over 70% had a household income of less than $20,000, 58.4% were not married, 83.2% were not trying to get pregnant at the time, and 37.6% had sexual intercourse that may have put them at risk for pregnancy in the last one month. Less than a third knew about the reproductive hormones. Over 80% knew their reproductive anatomy, 68.8% were not keeping any log to track their menstrual flow, 53.6% did not know when their next menstruation would be and 50% did not know the average number of days for a regular menstrual cycle. Many did not know what ovulation is (47%), the ovulation timing (67%), the number of eggs released from an ovary each month (79%), and how long an egg or sperm could live in a woman’s body (62%).

Conclusions: Reproductive knowledge should be assessed during preconception visits and women should be taught comprehensive reproductive education—not just selected topics—to be adequately equipped to make informed reproductive decisions.