In every ecosystem, we find two types of environmental factors - stress

and disturbance - that control plant growth, adaptation, and development. Though these two factors are often regarded as unpredictable, they determine a plant’s distribution and dynamics in a particular ecosystem or surrounding. For example, the place of aquatic plants in the natural ecosystem is characterized by several temporal variations and alterations of physiological, physical, and chemical parameters, which are ultimately determined by low carbon availability and mechanical damage by water,

etc. Aquatic plants are mostly mesotrophic or eutrophic, depending on their origin and the quality of the water which they grow.