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Effective removal of bismuth is a primary concern during copper electrorefining. A novel electrowinning process using an emew® cell was developed to recover bismuth and copper from a copper electrorefining waste stream. Significant removal and co-deposition of copper and bismuth were achieved from a highly acidic sulfate industrial effluent using a current density of 350 A m-2, but the current efficiency was low (27%). Operating at a lower current density (75 A m-2) facilitated the preferred removal of Cu, while increasing current efficiency to 67.4% due to the decrease of aside-reaction. Consequently, a two-stage process was employed to remove most of the copper at low current and then extract bismuth at high current. 93.4% of the bismuth and 97.8% of the copper were recovered with a satisfactory current efficiency, and a high purity (~98%) Bi powder was obtained in the second step. This novel emew® cell approach may serve as a promising alternative for recovering copper and bismuth, and the proposed two step strategy may offer insight for the selective recovery of metals in a multi-component system.
- Bismuth,
- Efficiency,
- Effluents,
- Metal recovery,
- Molecular biology,
- Powder metals,
- Recovery,
- Sewage,
- Copper electrorefining,
- Current efficiency,
- Effective removals,
- Electrolytic recovery,
- Industrial effluent,
- Multi-component systems,
- Selective recovery,
- Two-stage process
Available at: http://works.bepress.com/michael-moats/12/