This article synthesizes and explores the methods used in Entrepreneurial Cognition research based on a review of articles published between 1993–2017. Through analysis and classification of 182 entrepreneurial cognition articles published in elite journals during this time frame, we identify the critical challenges in the elicitation of cognition: mode of elicitation (context of elicitation, recall bias and retrospective sensemaking, motivation, and social desirability), and constructs, and measurement (validity, reliability, and level of analysis). Articles were classified based on the theory domain and research approach and analyzed based on (a) theoretical relevance, (b) research design, (c) sample, (d) analysis, (e) interpretation of findings, and (f) method of elicitation/coding of cognition. We conclude by offering best practices for scholars, which we hope serve as a catalyst to elevate methodological rigor and enhance the credibility, transparency, and usefulness of scholarly output on entrepreneurial cognition.