This report continues a focus on the important issue of assessing students’ learning through standardised, summative assessments. Utilising research-based methodologies and practices, including Evidence Centered Design, Webb’s Depth of Knowledge, and survey instruments designed for this study, the researchers convened a panel of educators to examine three assessment instruments. The study panel was composed of State and National Teachers of the Year and Finalists for State Teacher of the Year. The panel examined three assessments: the grade 5 assessments given by the states of Nevada and Oregon and the grade 5 assessment developed by the Smarter Balanced Consortium.