I am a professor in the Department of Biology. My areas of research include the physiological adaptations and energetics of natural populations of snails, clams, crustaceans and fish. My experimental approach involves measurements of growth, reproduction, and metabolism, and the assessment of energy strategies in relation to environmental conditions. My most recent research has involved the application of micro-flow meters to analyses of habitat utilization of aquatic fish and invertebrates in streams of Ohio and in rainforest mountain streams of the islands of Maui and Hawaii.