Ernest Hemingway's complex and ambivalent relationship with Gertrude Stein has been widely discussed. Relatively little has been said, however, about Hemingway's relationship with other women writers. Among those who played important roles in Hemingway's life and works were his wives, all of whom except Hadley Richardson were professional writers (and even Hadley proofread his stories before he submitted them). In addition, a number of other women writers participated in the making of Hemingway's public image and reputation. Three such women were Dorothy Parker, Lillian Hellman, and Hemingway's third wife, Martha Gellhorn. The way these three responded to Hemingway and incidentally to each other is the focus of the present exploration.