The primary goal of this study was to investigate the environmental impacts of reclaimed asphalt pavement (RAP) while it is freshly processed (i.e., fresh HMA) and after subjecting it to accelerated weathering. Three RAP materials were obtained from 3 plants throughout New Jersey; denoted as NORTHRAP, CENTRALRAP, and SOUTHRAP. In addition, a NJ supplier provided fresh HMA loose mix samples (denoted as Fresh) which were utilized as a control. Materials from all RAP sources and HMA underwent four different types of weathering processes including: ultra violet (UV) and precipitation weathering on unbounded RAP, UV and precipitation weathering on compacted RAP, weathering by heat and moisture cycles, and groundwater flow-through leaching. Batch experiments were conducted to mimic leaching of pollutants from landfills. Among these samples, CENTRALRAP and NORTHRAP released levels of Pb greater than EPA drinking water MCL of 15 ppb, with the highest level being released by NORTHRAP, which was thus selected for further column experiments. Two-column experiments (a RAP column followed by a soil column) were conducted to investigate the release of metals and PAHs from RAP samples and the attenuation effect of soils on these potential pollutants. The results of these experiments showed that high molecular weight polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) can elute from the weathered RAP materials, but none was above EPA guidelines. These released pollutants were largely attenuated in the soils. A subset of NORTHRAP leachate samples was also screened by the Microtox® Assay and tested for mortality and DNA damage in fish embryos exposed using the comet assay. Micotox® assay indicated only minimal toxicity of the RAP extract, mainly due to the extraction solution, and no toxicity in the rainwater elutriates. Similarly, embryo mortality was even more sensitive to the solution used to extract RAP, where the only significant toxicity was associated with soils in the column experiment, rather than the RAP itself. Based on the results, RAP may be used as an unbound material in all environments except those which are highly acidic (i.e., pH ≤ 4). These highly acidic environments include but may not be limited to: mines with sulfur-containing minerals and landfills where organic materials decompose, creating an acidic environment. Acceptable uses of unbound RAP materials may include but not be limited to: using the unbound RAP as surface materials for parking lots, farm roads, or pathways; for quarry reclamation; as non-vegetative cover underneath guiderails; and mixed with other materials for subbase or base materials; in addition to the current uses in hot mix asphalt applications. Due to the inconsistent pollutant levels found among the three RAP stockpiles evaluated in this study, it is also recommended, as a precautionary measure, to determine the releasable levels of metals and PAHs for RAP stockpiles before using RAP in highly acidic environments; by extracting leachate samples using batch experiments and measuring pollutants (PAHs and metals) levels. If the releasable levels of pollutants are below US EPA drinking water standards, unbound RAP can be used in acidic environments. If the releasable levels of metals and PAHs exceed US EPA drinking water standards, it is recommended to conduct column experiments to ensure the release of pollutants is not of environmental concern (i.e. < EPA guidelines).