Dopamine is an important neurotransmitter in the central nervous system and modulates synaptic transmission and neuronal excitability via metabotropic dopamine receptors. The dopamine receptors (DRs) are essential components for diverse functions and represent potential drug targets for the treatment of a number of neurological and psychiatric disorders. DRs are seven-transmembrane proteins with an intracellular G-protein coupled signal transduction pathway, which activates a second messenger cascade upon glutamate binding. In human, the DR family consists of 5 different subtypes that can be classified into two distinct groups (D1 and D2) based on pharmacological properties. While group I is comprised of receptor subtypes D1 and D5, group II contains D2, D3 and D4. In this study, we have we phylogenetically characterized the members of the DR family in the model organisms including nematode (C. elegans), fruit fly (D. melanogaster), zebrafish (Danio rerio) and mouse (Mus musculus).