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Hematuria in Pregnancy Due to Renal Arteriovenous Malformation: A Case Report
Anesthesiology
  • Ashie Kapoor, HCA Healthcare
  • Leo Yamaguchi, HCA Healthcare
  • Sherwin Azad, HCA Healthcare
  • Yi McWhorter, HCA Healthcare
Division
Far West
Hospital
MountainView Hospital
Document Type
Case Report
Publication Date
10-1-2021
Keywords
  • arteriovenous malformation,
  • computed tomography angiography,
  • coil embolization,
  • digital subtraction angiography,
  • Emergent cystoscopy,
  • Hematuria,
  • intensive care unit,
  • interventional radiology,
  • magnetic resonance angiography,
  • magnetic resonance imaging,
  • Pregnancy,
  • Renal arteriovenous malformations,
  • ultrasound
Abstract

A 31-year-old pregnant woman at 22 weeks and 2 days of gestation presented to the emergency room with complaints of painless hematuria and passage of clots. Initial computed tomography angiography (CTA) of the abdomen and pelvis performed after ultrasound revealed evidence of blood products in the bladder. However, the CTA did not reveal any source of bleeding. Given hemodynamic instability and persistent pain, the patient was taken to the operating room for a cystoscopy, which revealed bleeding from the left renal unit, giving rise to suspicion of a renal arteriovenous malformation (AVM). The patient then underwent left renal digital subtraction angiography (DSA), which produced no evidence of active bleeding. Due to high clinical suspicion and ongoing symptomatic hematuria, she underwent DSA a second time, which did demonstrate renal AVM bleeding, and embolization was performed. This case highlights the importance of cystoscopy in diagnosing a renal AVM in a pregnant patient despite the risks of general anesthesia during pregnancy.

Publisher or Conference
Case Reports in Women's Health
Citation Information
Kapoor A, Yamaguchi L, Azad S, McWhorter Y. Hematuria in pregnancy due to renal arteriovenous malformation: A case report. Case Rep Womens Health. 2021;32:e00357. Published 2021 Sep 16. doi:10.1016/j.crwh.2021.e00357