There is never short of changes and surprises in China. The past two years have been extremely interesting for producers and policymakers watching Chinese agricultural markets. In particular, China’s President Xi promised to extend all farmland contracts by another 30 years, China ended the costly $9-$10/bu corn support price program in 2016 and unveiled a new nationwide mandate of E10 fuel. This article introduces several key points of these policy changes, their motivations and impacts on the US agricultural trade.