Contested memories of the actions and experiences of the different nations and communities involved in the Second World War continue to challenge international relations in the Asia Pacific. This volume brings together Japanese, Chinese, Korean, and American researchers' critical analyses on the region's reconciliation challenges, with emphasis on Japanese leaders' commemorative acts and international responses to their acts. It builds on an interactive dialogue that these researchers conducted at the Woodrow Wilson International Center for Scholars in May in an effort to generate policy recommendations that seek to enable Japan and its regional partners to address the question of history constructively.