Highly branched cyclic dextrin (HBCD) is a relatively new carbohydrate source that has gained much popularity in sports nutrition supplements, quickly becoming one of the most popular sports and fitness supplements globally. Due to its high molecular weight and low osmolality, HBCD is thought to provide an ergogenic advantage over other carbohydrate sources via faster gastric emptying and faster absorption. The purpose of this brief review is to explore performance claims and implications of HBCD use. We provide rationale for recommended use based on results of scientific studies conducted in both animals and humans.