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Article
The Duration-Amplitude Distribution of Volcanic Tremor
Journal of Geophysical Research
  • John P. Benoit, Universtiy of Alaska Fairbanks
  • Stephen R. McNutt, Universtiy of Alaska Fairbanks
  • Vilma Barboza, National University of Costa Rica
Document Type
Article
Publication Date
3-1-2003
Keywords
  • scaling,
  • volcanic tremor,
  • exponential model,
  • power law model,
  • duration-amplitude
Digital Object Identifier (DOI)
https://doi.org/10.1029/2001JB001520
Disciplines
Abstract

The duration-amplitude distribution of volcanic tremor was examined in eight volcanoes and one geothermal area. An exponential model, implying a scale-bound source process, is found to be a better fit to the data than a power law (scale invariant) model. The exponential model well describes tremor associated with magmatic and phreatic eruptions, shallow and deep source regions, and geothermal sources. We tested the exponential model described by: , where d is the duration of tremor greater than or equal to a particular amplitude DR, dt is the total duration of tremor, and the inverse of λ is the characteristic amplitude of the distribution. λ−1 takes on values between 0.003 and 7.7 cm2. Our results show that the characteristic amplitude for eruptive tremor is greater than for noneruptive tremor, that for deep tremor is greater than for shallow tremor, and that for tremor associated with magmatic eruptions is greater than for tremor associated with phreatic eruptions. The exponential scaling of tremor suggests that tremor is not simply composed of a series of low-frequency events closely spaced in time. Further, the exponential scaling requires the source to be scale bound; the amplitude variations of tremor are distributed about a constant characteristic amplitude. We propose that exponential scaling of tremor amplitude is caused by fixed source geometry driven by variable excess pressures. The exponential scaling of tremor demonstrates that tremor source processes are fundamentally different from those for earthquakes.

Rights Information
Default Rights Statement
Citation / Publisher Attribution

Journal of Geophysical Research, v. 108, issue B3, art. 2146

Copyright 2003 by the American Geophysical Union.

Citation Information
John P. Benoit, Stephen R. McNutt and Vilma Barboza. "The Duration-Amplitude Distribution of Volcanic Tremor" Journal of Geophysical Research Vol. 108 Iss. B3 (2003)
Available at: http://works.bepress.com/stephen-mcnutt/106/