Compensation research distinguishes between satisfaction with pay level and the system that determines and delivers pay, but has neglected to make a similar distinction with respect to benefits. We (1) develop a measure of the benefit system satisfaction construct, (2) examine the discriminant validity of benefit system satisfaction, and (3) examine aspects of procedural and distributive justice and transaction costs as they relate to benefit satisfaction. Confirmatory factor analysis of a comprehensive pay satisfaction measure supported a separate benefit system satisfaction dimension. Structural equation models supported common and unique antecedents of benefit system and benefit level satisfaction, and supported their relationships with global job satisfaction.