The rise of transnational law in the global mining context has led to legitimacy concerns. This chapter introduces international sustainable mineral development law, then explores resistance to global mining expressed by local communities of the Global South. Ideal host state regulation for sustainable mining is examined as proposed in a Mining Policy Framework developed by the Intergovernmental Forum on Mining, Minerals, Metals and Sustainable Development. International standards of business conduct developed through multistakeholder processes are then introduced, before turning to the role of home states in the prevention and remedy of harm, comparing developments in Canada and China.