Carbon based electrodes have been a popular choice among researchers to be used in capacitive deionization (CDI) cell because of the porous structure, high electrical conductivity and high surface area. These properties increased the effectiveness of CDI process by facilitating mass transport and adsorption of ions. Furthermore, regenerating exhausted electrodes through desorption process helps in reducing overall cost of the process. The efficiency of the CDI process can also be increased by modification of electrodes with metal or metal oxides of appropriate zeta potential. This study also explores ion removal and regeneration efficiency of carbon aerogel electrodes (unmodified and modified with TiO2/ZnO) under different conditions, achieved by varying experimental parameters such as flow speeds over electrode surface, temperature, ionic concentration and applied voltage. The modified surface of electrodes is being investigated for surface morphology, elemental analysis, cross-sections of coatings deposit, microstructures, thickness, pore size, and surface area.