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Censoring Huxley and Wilberforce: A new source for the meeting that the Athenaeum ‘wisely softened down’
Notes and Records of the Royal Society of London (2017)
  • Richard England, Eastern Illinois University
Abstract
 In mid-July, 1860, the Athenaeum published a summary of the discussions about Charles Darwin’s theory that took place at the British Association meeting in Oxford. Its account omitted the famous exchange between Samuel Wilberforce, Bishop of Oxford, and Thomas Huxley, the rising man of science. A fuller report of the meeting was published a week later in a local weekly, the Oxford Chronicle, but this has gone unnoticed by historians. The Oxford Chronicle supplies a new version of Wilberforce’s question to Huxley, with more material about religious objections to human evolution and the proper role of authority in popular scientific discussions. Excerpts from the Athenaeum and Oxford Chronicle accounts show that they likely had a common ancestor, and other sources corroborate details given only in the Oxford Chronicle. This discovery reveals that the Athenaeum narrative – until now the longest and best known – was censored to remove material that was considered objectionable. The Oxford Chronicle gives us a fuller story of what was said and how the audience reacted to the encounter between Huxley and Wilberforce. 
Keywords
  • Thomas Huxley,
  • Samuel Wilberforce,
  • reception of evolutionary theory,
  • popularization of science,
  • science and religion,
  • British Association for the Advancement of Science,
  • reporting of science in nineteenth-century periodicals
Publication Date
2017
DOI
doi:10.1098/rsnr.2016.0058
Citation Information
Richard England. "Censoring Huxley and Wilberforce: A new source for the meeting that the Athenaeum ‘wisely softened down’" Notes and Records of the Royal Society of London Vol. 71 (2017)
Available at: http://works.bepress.com/richard-england/1/
Creative Commons license
Creative Commons License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons CC_BY-NC-ND International License.