My research interests center on the reproduction and development of cold-water and deep-sea invertebrates from around the globe, and how these animals are affected by both natural and anthropogenic environmental change. My laboratory has projects from the Arctic to the Antarctic and many places in between. Though we primarily use microscopy techniques (histology, SEM and TEM) we also use geographic databases and genetic techniques to examine biogeographic patterns of species dispersal and make hypotheses on larval transport mechanisms.