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Perfect Polar Stacking of Parallel Beloamphiphile Layers. Synthesis, Structure and Solid-state Optical Properties of the Unsymmetrical Acetophenone Azine DCA
Dalton Transactions
  • Rainer Glaser, Missouri University of Science and Technology
  • Nathan Knotts
  • Ping Yu
  • Linghui Li
  • Meera Chandrasekhar
  • Christopher M. Martin
  • Charles Leslie Barnes
Abstract

Extraordinary high degrees of polar order can be achieved by a rational design that involves the polar stacking of parallel beloamphiphile monolayers (PBAM). This strategy is exemplified by the acetophenone azines MCA (4-methoxy-4'-chloroacetophenone azine) and DCA (4-decoxy-4'-chloroacetophenone azine). The beloamphiphile design aims to achieve strong lateral interactions by way of arene-arene, azine-azine, arene-azine and halogen-bonding interactions. Dipole-induced interactions and halogen bonding dominate interlayer interactions and halogen bonding is shown to effect the layer stacking. Crystals of DCA contain PBAMs with perfect polar order and perfect polar layer stacking, while crystals of MCA features perfect polar order only in one of two layers and layer stacking is polar but not entirely perfect. We report the synthesis of the beloamphiphile DCA, its crystal structure, and we present a comparative discussion of the structures and intermolecular interactions of MCA and DCA. Absorbance and photoluminescence measurements have been carried out for solutions of DCA and for DCA crystals. DCA exhibits a broad emission centered at 2.5 eV when excited with UV radiation. The nonlinear optical response was studied by measuring second harmonic generation (SHG). Strong SHG signals have been observed due to the polar alignment and the DCA crystal's NLO response is 34 times larger than that of urea. Optimization of the beloamphiphile and systematic SAR studies of the polar organic crystals, which are now possible for the very first time, will further improve the performance of this new class of functional organic materials. The materials are organic semiconductors and show promise as blue emitters, as nonlinear optical materials and as OLED materials.

Department(s)
Chemistry
Keywords and Phrases
  • Bonding,
  • Crystal structure,
  • Crystals,
  • Halogen elements,
  • Optical properties,
  • Photoluminescence,
  • Second harmonic generation,
  • Synthesis (chemical),
  • Ultraviolet radiation,
  • Arenes,
  • Dipole-induced interactions,
  • Parallel beloamphiphile monolayers (PBAM),
  • Polar organic crystals,
  • Monolayers
Document Type
Article - Journal
Document Version
Citation
File Type
text
Language(s)
English
Rights
© 2006 Royal Society of Chemistry, All rights reserved.
Publication Date
5-1-2006
Publication Date
01 May 2006
Disciplines
Citation Information
Rainer Glaser, Nathan Knotts, Ping Yu, Linghui Li, et al.. "Perfect Polar Stacking of Parallel Beloamphiphile Layers. Synthesis, Structure and Solid-state Optical Properties of the Unsymmetrical Acetophenone Azine DCA" Dalton Transactions Iss. 23 (2006) p. 2891 - 2899 ISSN: 1477-9226; 1477-9234
Available at: http://works.bepress.com/rainer-glaser/97/