There are some very real challenges that educators face in attempting to define, measure and improve the non-academic outcomes of students in Australian schools but there is plenty that can be done to better measure and influence them. There are many challenges in measuring non-academic outcomes but the overarching one is to determine what they are, and whether they are actually 'non-academic' at all. This article addresses each of three major challenges: (1) Defining the outcomes, followed by a recommendation; (2) measuring the outcomes; recommendation; and (3) improving outcomes; recommendation.