The genus Poa comprises approximately 500 species that occur throughout the world, including the widely grown Kentucky bluegrass (P. pratensis L.). Hybridization and polyploidization have played a prominent role in the evolution of this complex genus, but limited information is available regarding genome relationships in Poa. Thus, we amplified, cloned, and compared the DNA sequences of 2 nuclear genes (CDO504 and thioredoxin-like protein) and 2 chloroplast genome loci (ndhF and trnT–trnF) from 22 Poa species. Four distinct classes of sequences corresponding to 4 putative homoeologous loci from each nuclear gene were found within polyploid P. pratensis. Nuclear sequences from 15 other Poa species were found to group with at least 1 P. pratensis homoeolog, whereas 6 species displayed sequences not present in P. pratensis. The nuclear genome phylogenies presented here show the first evidence of diverse and related genomes in the genus Poa.Key words: phylogeny, polyploidy, chloroplast genome, nuclear genome, Kentucky bluegrass.