Discusses the connections often made between the Declaration of Arbroath (1320), Patrick Henry's speech in Richmond (March 1775), and Robert Burns's song "Scots, wha hae" (1793); suggests that, just as the Declaration refers back to phrases in Sallust, so Burns recalled an 18th century adaptation of Sallust, Addison's Cato (1712-13), as excerpted in one of his boyhood schoolbooks. [part of a longer article covering other 18th century sources on "Liberty or Death."]