Based on Josef Mengele’s exile in the Southern Cone during the fifties and sixties, Lucía Puenzo’s Wakolda (2013) can be seen at first glance as a historical representation of Nazism in Argentina’s Patagonia. However, it can also be read as a commentary on the problematic relationship between Argentina and neoliberalism, especially considering that the country has become an increasingly popular destination for clinical trials, mostly sponsored by the global pharmaceutical industry. This article proposes that through the study of the changes, additions, and translations that occur when adapting the homonymous novel to the big screen, the clinical trials in the film become a critical element of the relationship between neoliberalism, medicine, and childhood.