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Article
Soft-bed experiments beneath Engabreen, Norway: regelation infiltration, basal slip and bed deformation
Journal of Glaciology
  • Neal R. Iverson, Iowa State University
  • Thomas S. Hooyer, University of Wisconsin-Madison
  • Urs H. Fischer, Antarctic Climate and Ecosystems Cooperative Research Centre
  • Denis Cohen, Iowa State University
  • Peter L. Moore, Iowa State University
  • M. Jackson, Norwegian Water Resources and Energy Directorate
  • G. Lappegard, University of Oslo
  • J. Kohler, Norwegian Polar Institute
Document Type
Article
Publication Version
Published Version
Publication Date
7-1-2007
DOI
10.3189/002214307783258431
Abstract

To avoid some of the limitations of studying soft-bed processes through boreholes, a prism of simulated till (1.8 m × 1.6 m × 0.45 m) with extensive instrumentation was constructed in a trough blasted in the rock bed of Engabreen, a temperate glacier in Norway. Tunnels there provide access to the bed beneath 213 m of ice. Pore-water pressure was regulated in the prism by pumping water to it. During experiments lasting 7–12 days, the glacier regelated downward into the prism to depths of 50– 80 mm, accreting ice-infiltrated till at rates predicted by theory. During periods of sustained high pore water pressure (70–100% of overburden), ice commonly slipped over the prism, due to a water layer at the prism surface. Deformation of the prism was activated when this layer thinned to a sub-millimeter thickness. Shear strain in the till was pervasive and decreased with depth. A model of slip by ploughing of ice-infiltrated till across the prism surface accounts for the slip that occurred when effective pressure was sufficiently low or high. Slip at low effective pressures resulted from water-layer thickening that increased non-linearly with decreasing effective pressure. If sufficiently widespread, such slip over soft glacier beds, which involves no viscous deformation resistance, may instigate abrupt increases in glacier velocity.

Comments

This article is from Journal of Glaciology 53 (2007): 323, doi:10.3189/002214307783258431. Posted with permission.

Rights
Creative Commons Attribution license.
Copyright Owner
International Glaciological Society
Language
en
File Format
application/pdf
Citation Information
Neal R. Iverson, Thomas S. Hooyer, Urs H. Fischer, Denis Cohen, et al.. "Soft-bed experiments beneath Engabreen, Norway: regelation infiltration, basal slip and bed deformation" Journal of Glaciology Vol. 53 Iss. 182 (2007) p. 323 - 340
Available at: http://works.bepress.com/neal-iverson/38/