Mastering a second language is largely dependent on mastering a second language vocabulary. Second language (L2) and foreign language (FL) learners are often observed memorizing long vocabulary lists to better cope with their academic needs; and perhaps, that is the reason several vocabulary lists have been created. This entry will review the major high‐frequency vocabulary (HFV) lists created for SL/FL learners of English. It will discuss their creation, their pros and cons, and various methods and implications for teaching.