This essay, focusing on recent criticism published since the mid-1990s, considers representations of Jews in Middle English literature (1350–1500). In the following essay, I explore the many ways these scholars and critics of the late twentieth and early twenty-first centuries have sought to unpack the complex signifiers that speak of the legally absent but psychically present Jewish Other. Although the arguments and approaches of these scholars and critics widely vary and are sometimes politically motivated, each shares in theorizing medieval Jewish Otherness through an interdisciplinary lens.