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Article
Spin-Drying Technique for Lyopreservation of Mammalian Cells
Annals of Biomedical Engineering (2011)
  • Nilay Chakraborty, Harvard Medical School
  • Anthony Chang, Harvard Medical School
  • Heidi Elmoazzen, Harvard Medical School
  • Michael A Menze, University of Louisville
  • Steven C. Hand
  • Mehmet Toner, Harvard Medical School
Abstract
Stabilization of cellular material in the presence of glass-forming sugars at ambient temperatures is a viable approach that has many potential advantages over current cryogenic strategies. Experimental evidence indicates the possibility to preserve biomolecules in glassy matrices of low-molecular mobility using ‘‘glass-forming’’ sugars like trehalose at ambient temperatures. However, when cells are desiccated in trehalose solution using passive drying techniques, a glassy skin is formed at the liquid/vapor interface of the sample. This glassy skin prevents desiccation of the sample beyond a certain level of dryness and induces non-uniformities in the final water content. Cells trapped underneath this glassy skin may degrade due to a relatively high molecular mobility in the sample. This undesirable result underscores the need for development of a uniform, fast drying technique. In the present study, we report a new technique based on the principles of ‘‘spin drying’’ that can effectively address these problems. Forced convective evaporation of water along with the loss of solution due to centrifugal force leads to rapid vitrification of a thin layer of trehalose containing medium that remains on top of cells attached to the spinning glass substrate. The glassy layer produced has a consistent thickness and a small ‘‘surfacearea-to-volume’’ ratio that minimizes any non-homogeneity. Thus, the chance of entrapping cells in a high-mobility environment decreases substantially. We compared numerical predictions to experimental observations of the drying time of 0.2–0.6 M trehalose solutions at a variety of spinning speeds ranging from 1000 to 4000 rpm. The model developed here predicts the formation of sugar films with thicknesses of 200–1000 nm, which was in good agreement with experimental results. Preliminary data suggest that after spin drying cells to about 0.159 ± 0.09 gH2O/gdw (n = 11, ±SE), more than 95% of cells were able to preserve their membrane.
Disciplines
Publication Date
May, 2011
Publisher Statement
The final publication is available at www.springerlink.com
Citation Information
Nilay Chakraborty, Anthony Chang, Heidi Elmoazzen, Michael A Menze, et al.. "Spin-Drying Technique for Lyopreservation of Mammalian Cells" Annals of Biomedical Engineering Vol. 39 Iss. 5 (2011)
Available at: http://works.bepress.com/michael_menze/19/