When the isothermal semi-logarithmic survival curves of heat inactivated microbial cells or spores are known to be linear it is possible to calculate their survival parameters from curves obtained under nonisothermal conditions, provided that the temperature history (’profile’) satisfies certain simple mathematical requirements. These requirements have been identified. The concept was tested by retrieving the survival parameters of a Listeria-like organism from generated survival curves for linear and nonlinear heating profiles on which noise had been superimposed. The availability of such a procedure eliminates the need to determine the survival parameters under perfect isothermal conditions, which are difficult to create for technical reasons. It will also enable determination of the survival parameters in the actual medium of interest, which may contain particles or may be too viscous to be treated in a capillary or narrow tube as is currently done. The method can also be used to assess survival parameters in nonthermal inactivation. A treatment with a dissipating chemical agent or anti-microbial is an example. In principle, the concept can be extended to the more general situation where the isothermal or iso-concentration semi-logarithmic survival curves are clearly nonlinear, but this will require a modification of the model and a different numerical calculation procedure.