In most developed countries today, having a work force with skill sets in Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics (STEM) are seen as essential to long-term economic growth. In many countries, the demand for STEM workers is expected to grow faster than any other occupation over the next decade. Yet the research shows that females are underrepresented in STEM-related fields. The numbers of females entering into STEM careers is generally lower than males, but there are countries where females account for a greater percentage than males in other fields or occupations. In the U.S. women continue to be underrepresented in STEM careers even though they account for more than half the college-educated work force. The workforce requires an increase in female participation in STEM occupations as we transition towards a more global economy. Today there are more women starting their own business, and assuming management roles in companies and large organizations. Research indicates that females, as entrepreneurs and innovators, are just as successful as their male counterparts. Females attending universities to pursue a degree in a STEM-related discipline is now on the rise, a trend that is vital both economically and socially. A survey was administered in Europe and the United States to help identify the barriers women face entering STEM careers, and to better understand the challenges from an entrepreneurial perspective.