Sexual violence (SV) victimization refers to situations in which someone attempts, threatens, or completes forced sexual advances without first receiving consent. Almost half of the women in the US report experiencing some form of sexual violence victimization in their lifetime; with black transgender individuals reporting the highest rates. This chapter explores the various characteristics that have been established as potential risk factors for increased victimization. We begin with an overview of SV victimization prevalence in the US, summarize the consequences of SV victimization, and consider the impact of revictimization. We then identify three major domains of risk for SV victimization covering multiple factors that may contribute to victimology: (1) demographic and individual risk factors, such as racial identity, gender identity, and sexual orientation, (2) cognitive and behavioral risk factors, such as alcohol use, risk perception, and cognitive processing, and (3) environmental risk factors, such as engagement in Greek life, participation in intercollegiate athletics, and religious affiliation. Finally, we discuss future research, which should examine the intersectionality of both person and situational factors. With a more intersectional and multifaceted understanding of risk factors, researchers may be better equipped to identify targets for prevention interventions designed to decrease the risk of sexual violence victimization.