The article presents a study which focuses on the continuity of the non-Marxist intellectual tradition in the immediate postwar period by examining the writing and activities of social critic Hasegawa Nyozekan. It analyzes the impact of Nyozekan on Maruyama Masao, the intellectual core of the postwar non-Marxist tradition. Nyozekan's views of Japan's postwar situation and his support for political liberalism and the trends toward modernity in Tokugawa political thought that was discovered by Masao are discussed.