European countries are on a road to militarisation. In the last ten years, military expenditures of NATO EU countries (according to NATO definitions and data) have increased by almost 50%, from €145 billion in 2014 to a budget forecast of €215 billion in 2023 (measured in constant 2015 prices). This total is greater than the annual GDP of a country such as Portugal. With the war in Ukraine, 2023 outlays are expected to increase by almost 10% in real terms over the previous year. NATO EU countries as a whole now spend 1.8% of GDP on their militaries, close to the 2% target set by the US and NATO. This report, commissioned by the three Greenpeace national offices in Germany, Italy and Spain, investigates the rise of military expenditures in Europe with a focus on these three countries.