1945-1952 Elementary School; Summa cum laude

1952-1956 Secondary School (preparatory for the University); Equivalent of B.S. and B.A.; Summa cum laude

1956-1962 University Medical School of Danzig; M.D., Summa cum laude School equivalent to Yale, Princeton, and Harvard Universities

1961 Studies at UniversitA~(c) de Paris (Sorbonne), one month training in the Laboratoire de Biochimie MA~(c)dicale, Hpital Cochin, under Prof. G. Schapira

1962-1963 Internship for Medical License

1962-1966 University Medical School of Danzig, Department of Biochemistry; Ph.D. in Biochemistry; Dissertation: "Uncoupling of Oxidative Phosphorylation by Basic Proteins"; part of it published in Acta Biochim. Polon. 12, 133-141, 1965; 12, 379-385,

1965; Biochim. Biophys. Acta 97,144-146, 1965 and several other papers. Studies of Biochemistry, History of Philosophy, History of Medicine, Languages, and History of French Literature

1964-1965 Additional training in organic chemistry at the University of Danzig; Additional studies of French literature at the Jagiellonian University, Cracow. 1966. Eight-week postgraduate course in the Application of Mathematical Methods in Biological Sciences, organized by the Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw.