POEMS (polyneuropathy, organomegaly, endocrinopathy, monoclonal gammopathy, and skin changes) syndrome is a rare disorder that can mimic chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyradiculopathy (CIDP). In this report, we present a case of a man with a new diagnosis of POEMS syndrome and a clinical picture of CIDP. He had prostate cancer (s/p prostatectomy) with known diffuse bony osteosclerotic lesions and a monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (MGUS). The objective of this report is to highlight the importance of recognizing POEMS as a rare condition, differentiating it from CIDP, and initiating treatment as soon as possible. The diagnosis of POEMS can be delayed due to its extensive variety of clinical manifestations, and the extensive workup needed for the diagnosis.