Objectives: To explore how the sense of self evolves through the recovery process after intensive therapy that focuses on issues pertaining to childhood sexual abuse (CSA). Design: A retrospective qualitative study. Method: Four women with CSA experiences, who completed a local sexual abuse intervention group programme, participated in the study. They were interviewed using a narrative life story approach and a narrative analysis was conducted on the data. Results: Participants had a 'traumatised self' characterised by shame and guilt, leading to self-perceptions of being insignificant and undeserving. After intervention, an overall positive sense of self resulted characterised by an increased sense of self-awareness, self-acceptance and self-confidence. This was enhanced by being able to externalise their abuse and to shift the responsibility of the abuse from the abused to the abuser. Self-control was gained through the use of effective coping strategies. Being part of a group with similar experiences was found to enhance feelings of solidarity and commonality and instilled a sense of optimism about the future. Conclusions: After therapy, the concept of sense of self evolved from a traumatised self to a more enduring positive sense of self. The participants made self-improvements, connections with people and were able to live autonomous lives. © 2011 Taylor & Francis.