Pavements require on-time rehabilitation and good maintenance due to various pavement distresses. Although the Department of Transportation (DOT) agencies spend most of their funds towards maintenance and rehabilitation, the available funds for maintenance and rehabilitation are much less than what is needed. Therefore, the DOTs must set priorities on highway sections that need to be rehabilitated and to select the most effective rehabilitation options. To measure the effectiveness of a particular rehabilitation strategy, performance indicators such as International Roughness Index, Present Serviceability Index, rutting, etc., before and after applying the strategy are compared for their ability to improve a condition, and for the change in the rate of deterioration following rehabilitation. This research study uses data from the state of Nebraska to examine how different maintenance and rehabilitation strategies are performing for a given condition of traffic, layer thickness, and pre-treatment condition of pavement. By considering some of the performance indicators, the significant effects of the maintenance and rehabilitation strategies (to improve pavement condition and change in the rate of deterioration) were the final results of this study.