"Observing Emotion in Infants: Facial Expression, Body Behavior, and Rater Judgments of Responses to an Expectancy-Violating Event" by Linda A. Camras

Article

Observing Emotion in Infants: Facial Expression, Body Behavior, and Rater Judgments of Responses to an Expectancy-Violating Event

Emotion (2002)

Linda A. Camras
Zhaolan Meng, Peking University
Tatsuo Ujiie, Nagoya City University
Shamez Dharamsi, DePaul University
Kazuo Miyake, University of the Air
Harriet Oster, New York University
LEI WANG, Peking University
Jennifer Cruz, DePaul University
Amy Murdoch, DePaul University
Joseph Campos, University of California, Berkeley

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Abstract
Eleven-month-old European-American, Japanese, and Chinese infants (ns 4 23,
21, and 15, respectively) were videotaped during baseline and stimulus episodes of
a covert toy-switch procedure. Infants looked longer at the object during the expectancy-
violating event (stimulus episode) but did not produce more surpriserelated
facial expressions. American and Japanese infants produced more bodily
stilling during stimulus than baseline, and American infants also produced more
facial sobering. Naive raters viewing both episodes could correctly identify the
expectancy-violating event. Rater judgments of surprise were significantly related
to infants’ bodily stilling and facial sobering. Judgments of interest were related to
cessation of fussing. Thus, observer judgments of infant emotions can be systematically
related to behaviors other than prototypic emotional facial expressions.

Disciplines

Psychology

Publication Date

2002

DOI

10.1037//1528-3542.2.2.179

Citation Information

Linda A. Camras, Zhaolan Meng, Tatsuo Ujiie, Shamez Dharamsi, et al.. "Observing Emotion in Infants: Facial Expression, Body Behavior, and Rater Judgments of Responses to an Expectancy-Violating Event" Emotion Vol. 2 Iss. 2 (2002) p. 179 - 193 ISSN: 1528-3542
Available at: http://works.bepress.com/linda_camras/47/