U.S. local governments play a key role in funding, operating, and maintaining local roads, bridges, airports, transit facilities, drinking water and sewer systems, and other types of infrastructure. However, as is widely publicized, local governments across the United States are facing a serious infrastructure deficit and are exploring new ways to finance needed expansions, upgrades, and repairs. More than half of U.S. city mayors highlighted infrastructure issues during their State of the City speeches in 2015 (National League of Cities 2015). According to a new survey sponsored by the U.S. Conference of Mayors (2016), aging and underfunded infrastructure is the greatest challenge confronting mayors. Eroding infrastructure threatens citizens’ safety and quality of life.