I support the initiative to revisit the GAAR for purposes of making it more effective. I find the Modernizing and Strengthening the General Anti-Avoidance Rule Consultation Paper (“GAAR Consultation Paper”) helpful in providing some background and context for diagnosing the issues and setting out some proposed solutions. I appreciate the opportunity to offer some comments on two specific questions raised in the Consultation Paper:

(a) How to clarify the object, spirit and purpose of provisions of the Act?

(b) What is the role of economic substance in strengthening the GAAR?