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6-Month Aortic Valve Implantation of an Off-The-Shelf Tissue-Engineered Valve in Sheep
Biomaterials
  • Zeeshan Syedain
  • Jay Reimer
  • Jillian B. Schmidt, Missouri University of Science and Technology
  • Matthew Lahti
  • James Berry
  • Richard Bianco
  • Robert T. Tranquillo
Abstract

Diseased aortic valves often require replacement, with over 30% of the current aortic valve surgeries performed in patients who will outlive a bioprosthetic valve. While many promising tissue-engineered valves have been created in the lab using the cell-seeded polymeric scaffold paradigm, none have been successfully tested long-term in the aortic position of a pre-clinical model. The high pressure gradients and dynamic flow across the aortic valve leaflets require engineering a tissue that has the strength and compliance to withstand high mechanical demand without compromising normal hemodynamics. A long-term preclinical evaluation of an off-the-shelf tissue-engineered aortic valve in the sheep model is presented here. The valves were made from a tube of decellularized cell-produced matrix mounted on a frame. The engineered matrix is primarily composed of collagen, with strength and organization comparable to native valve leaflets. In vitro testing showed excellent hemodynamic performance with low regurgitation, low systolic pressure gradient, and large orifice area. The implanted valves showed large-scale leaflet motion and maintained effective orifice area throughout the duration of the 6-month implant, with no calcification. After 24 weeks implantation (over 17 million cycles), the valves showed no change in tensile mechanical properties. In addition, histology and DNA quantitation showed repopulation of the engineered matrix with interstitial-like cells and endothelialization. New extracellular matrix deposition, including elastin, further demonstrates positive tissue remodeling in addition to recellularization and valve function. Long-term implantation in the sheep model resulted in functionality, matrix remodeling, and recellularization, unprecedented results for a tissue-engineered aortic valve.

Department(s)
Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering
Keywords and Phrases
  • Aortic valve disease,
  • Decellualrized biomaterial,
  • Heart valve,
  • Matrix remodeling,
  • Tissue engineering
Document Type
Article - Journal
Document Version
Citation
File Type
text
Language(s)
English
Rights
© 2015 Elsevier Ltd, All rights reserved.
Publication Date
12-1-2015
Publication Date
01 Dec 2015
PubMed ID
26409002
Citation Information
Zeeshan Syedain, Jay Reimer, Jillian B. Schmidt, Matthew Lahti, et al.. "6-Month Aortic Valve Implantation of an Off-The-Shelf Tissue-Engineered Valve in Sheep" Biomaterials Vol. 73 (2015) p. 175 - 184 ISSN: 0142-9612
Available at: http://works.bepress.com/jillian-schmidt/7/