African Americans in the United States suffer disproportionately from diabetes. Research has linked this disparity to poor health literacy, which has been shown to improve through the implementation of e-health intervention strategies. This article reviews intervention studies exploring the potential to enhance the health literacy of African Americans who have diabetes. A search of electronic databases covering related health topics for the years 1990 to 2010 yielded 54 articles, 35 of which met the inclusion criteria for review. These articles suggest that low health literacy is a major contributor to African American diabetes and indicate the lack of available patient-centered interventions to improve it. The literature adduces growing evidence that e-health can be used to enhance computer skills and health literacy among African Americans, but evidence supporting the use of e-health specifically for African Americans with diabetes is lacking. Suggestions for improving engagement in e-health are provided.