"mRNA Vaccine Effectiveness Against COVID-19 Hospitalization Among Solid Organ Transplant Recipients" by Jay Steingrub, MD

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mRNA Vaccine Effectiveness Against COVID-19 Hospitalization Among Solid Organ Transplant Recipients

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Jay Steingrub, MD, Baystate Health

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Document Type

Article, Peer-reviewed

Publication Date

4-1-2022

Disciplines

Medicine and Health Sciences

Abstract

Background: The study objective was to evaluate 2 and 3 dose COVID-19 mRNA vaccine effectiveness (VE) in preventing COVID-19 hospitalization among adult solid organ transplant (SOT) recipients.

Methods: 21-site case-control analysis of 10,425 adults hospitalized March-December 2021. Cases were hospitalized with COVID-19; controls were hospitalized for an alternative diagnosis (SARS-CoV-2 negative). Participants were classified as: SOT recipient (n=440), other immunocompromising condition (n=1684), or immunocompetent (n=8301). VE against COVID-19 associated hospitalization was calculated as 1-adjusted odds ratio of prior vaccination among cases compared with controls.

Results: Among SOT recipients, VE was 29% (95% CI: -19 to 58%) for 2 doses and 77% (95% CI: 48 to 90%) for 3 doses. Among patients with other immunocompromising conditions, VE was 72% (95% CI: 64 to 79%) for 2 doses and 92% (95% CI: 85 to 95%) for 3 doses. Among immunocompetent patients, VE was 88% (95% CI: 87 to 90%) for 2 doses and 96% (95% CI: 83 to 99%) for 3 doses.

Conclusion: Effectiveness of COVID-19 mRNA vaccines was lower for SOT recipients than immunocompetent people and those with other immunocompromising conditions. Among SOT recipients, vaccination with 3 doses of an mRNA vaccine led to substantially greater protection than 2 doses.

Keywords: COVID-19; SARS-CoV-2; immunocompromised; solid organ transplantation; vaccination; vaccine effectiveness.

PMID

35385875

Citation Information

Kwon JH, Tenforde MW, Gaglani M, Talbot HK, Ginde AA, McNeal T, Ghamande S, Douin DJ, Casey JD, Mohr NM, Zepeski A, Shapiro NI, Gibbs KW, Files DC, Hager DN, Shehu A, Prekker ME, Caspers SD, Exline MC, Botros M, Gong MN, Li A, Mohamed A, Johnson NJ, Srinivasan V, Steingrub JS, Peltan ID, Brown SM, Martin ET, Khan A, Hough CL, Busse LW, Duggal A, Wilson JG, Perez C, Chang SY, Mallow C, Rovinski R, Babcock HM, Lauring AS, Felley L, Halasa N, Chappell JD, Grijalva CG, Rice TW, Womack KN, Lindsell CJ, Hart KW, Baughman A, Olson SM, Schrag S, Kobayashi M, Verani JR, Patel MM, Self WH; Influenza and Other Viruses in the Acutely Ill (IVY) Network. mRNA Vaccine Effectiveness Against COVID-19 Hospitalization Among Solid Organ Transplant Recipients. J Infect Dis. 2022 Apr 6:jiac118. doi: 10.1093/infdis/jiac118. Epub ahead of print.