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Primary hyperoxaluria in populations of Pakistan origin: results from a literature review and two major registries
Urolithiasis
  • Jamsheer Talati, Aga Khan University
  • Sally-Anne Hulton, Birmingham Children’s Hospital, UK
  • Sander F. Garrelfs, Emma Children’s Hospital, Netherlands
  • Wajahat Aziz, Aga Khan University
  • Shoaib Rao, Aga Khan University
  • Amanullah Memon, Aga Khan University
  • Zafar Nazir, Aga Khan University
  • Syed Raziuddin Biyabani, Aga Khan University
  • Saqib Hamid Qazi, Aga Khan University
  • Iqbal Azam Syed, Aga Khan University
  • Aysha Habib, Aga Khan University
  • Jamil Ahmed, Aga Khan University
  • Lena Jafri, Aga Khan University
  • Mohammad Zeeshan, Aga Khan University
Publication Date
1-1-2017
Document Type
Article
Disciplines
Abstract

Primary hyperoxalurias (PH) are devastating, autosomal recessive diseases causing renal stones. Undifferentiated hyperoxaluria is seen in up to 43% of Pakistani paediatric stone patients. High rates of consanguinity in Pakistan suggest significant local prevalence. There is no detailed information regarding number of cases, clinical features, and genetics in Pakistan-origin (P-o) patients. We reviewed available information on P-o PH patients recorded in the literature as well as from two major PH registries (the Rare Kidney Stone Consortium PH Registry (RKSCPHR) and the OxalEurope PH Registry (OxER); and the Aga Khan University Hospital in Pakistan. After excluding overlaps, we noted 217 P-o PH subjects (42 in OxER and 4 in RKSCPHR). Presentations were protean. Details of mutations were available for 94 patients of 201 who had genetic analyses. Unique mutations were noted. Mutation [c.508G>A (p. Gly170Arg)] (present in up to 25% in the West) was reported in only one case. In one series, only 30% had mutations on exons 1,4,7 of AGXT. Of 42 P-o patients in OxER, 52.4% were PH1, 45.2% PH2, and 2.4% PH3. Of concern is that diagnosis was made after renal transplant rejection (four cases) and on bone-marrow aspiration (in five). Lack of consideration of PH as a diagnosis, late diagnosis, and loss of transplanted kidneys mandates that PH be searched for diligently. Mutation analysis will need to extend to all exons and include PH 1,2,3. There is a need to spread awareness and identify patients through a scoring or screening system that alerts physicians to consider a diagnosis of PH.

Citation Information
Jamsheer Talati, Sally-Anne Hulton, Sander F. Garrelfs, Wajahat Aziz, et al.. "Primary hyperoxaluria in populations of Pakistan origin: results from a literature review and two major registries" Urolithiasis (2017) p. 1 - 9
Available at: http://works.bepress.com/jamsheer_talati/38/