Skip to main content
Article
Equalization Enhancement Approaches for PAM4 Signaling for Next Generation Speeds
Proceedings of the 67th Electronic Components and Technology Conference (2017, Lake Buena Vista, FL)
  • Jiayi He
  • Nana Dikhaminjia
  • Mikheil Tsiklauri, Missouri University of Science and Technology
  • James L. Drewniak, Missouri University of Science and Technology
  • Arun Reddy Chada
  • Bhyrav Mutnury
Abstract

Four-level pulse-amplitude modulation signal (PAM4) is gaining more attention as an alternate coding scheme to binary modulation NRZ (Non Return to Zero) in high speed systems as the signal rate is reduced by half. Transmitter and receiver equalizations continue to play an important role with PAM4 encoding. Even though de-emphasis is a well standardized approach for equalization in NRZ, two enhancement approaches for PAM4 de-emphasis are proposed in the paper. The first enhancement approach is to compensate voltage levels in the de-emphasis process and the second one is to equalize the signal by bit rather than by symbol. Several test cases are presented to show the improvement in eye opening compared to the old approach. The limitations of these two enhancement approaches are also discussed.

Meeting Name
67th Electronic Components and Technology Conference (2017: May 30-Jun. 2, Lake Buena Vista, FL)
Department(s)
Electrical and Computer Engineering
Research Center/Lab(s)
Electromagnetic Compatibility (EMC) Laboratory
Keywords and Phrases
  • Equalizers,
  • Modulation,
  • Network Components,
  • Oscillators (Electronic),
  • De-Emphasis,
  • Equalizations,
  • Eye Diagrams,
  • High Speed Serial Links,
  • PAM4,
  • Pulse Amplitude Modulation,
  • Eye Diagram,
  • High Speed Serial Links
International Standard Book Number (ISBN)
978-1509043323; 978-1509063154
Document Type
Article - Conference proceedings
Document Version
Citation
File Type
text
Language(s)
English
Rights
© 2017 Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE), All rights reserved.
Publication Date
6-1-2017
Publication Date
01 Jun 2017
Citation Information
Jiayi He, Nana Dikhaminjia, Mikheil Tsiklauri, James L. Drewniak, et al.. "Equalization Enhancement Approaches for PAM4 Signaling for Next Generation Speeds" Proceedings of the 67th Electronic Components and Technology Conference (2017, Lake Buena Vista, FL) (2017) p. 1874 - 1879 ISSN: 0569-5503; 2377-5726
Available at: http://works.bepress.com/james-drewniak/347/