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Pilot-Scale Testing of Non-Activated Biochar for Swine Manure Treatment and Mitigation of Ammonia, Hydrogen Sulfide, Odorous Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs), and Greenhouse Gas Emissions
Sustainability
  • Devin L. Maurer, Iowa State University
  • Jacek A. Koziel, Iowa State University
  • Kajetan Kalus, Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Science
  • Daniel S. Andersen, Iowa State University
  • Sebastian Opalinski, Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Science
Document Type
Article
Publication Version
Published Version
Publication Date
1-1-2017
DOI
10.3390/su9060929
Abstract

Managing the environmental impacts associated with livestock production is a challenge for farmers, public and regulatory agencies. Sustainable solutions that take into account technical and socioeconomic factors are needed. For example, the comprehensive control of odors, ammonia (NH3), hydrogen sulfide (H2S), and greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from swine production is a critical need. Stored manure is a major source of gaseous emissions. Mitigation technologies based on bio-based products such as biochar are of interest due to the potential benefits of nutrient cycling. The objective of this study was to test non-activated (non-functionalized) biochar for the mitigation of gaseous emissions from stored manure. Specifically, this included testing the effects of: (1) time; and (2) dosage of biochar application to the swine manure surface on gaseous emissions from deep-pit storage. The biochar surface application was tested with three treatments (1.14, 2.28 and 4.57 kg·m−2 manure) over a month. Significant reductions in emissions were observed for NH3 (12.7–22.6% reduction as compared to the control). Concomitantly, significant increases in CH4emissions (22.1–24.5%) were measured. Changes to emissions of other target gases (including CO2, N2O, H2S, dimethyl disulfide/methanethiol, dimethyl trisulfide, n-butyric-, valeric-, and isovaleric acids, p-cresol, indole, and skatole) were not statistically significant. Biochar treatment could be a promising and comparably-priced option for reducing NH3emissions from stored swine manure.

Comments

This article is from Sustainability 2017, 9(6), 929; doi:10.3390/su9060929. Posted with permission.

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Open
Creative Commons License
Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International
Copyright Owner
The authors
Language
en
File Format
application/pdf
Citation Information
Devin L. Maurer, Jacek A. Koziel, Kajetan Kalus, Daniel S. Andersen, et al.. "Pilot-Scale Testing of Non-Activated Biochar for Swine Manure Treatment and Mitigation of Ammonia, Hydrogen Sulfide, Odorous Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs), and Greenhouse Gas Emissions" Sustainability Vol. 9 Iss. 6 (2017) p. 929
Available at: http://works.bepress.com/jacek_koziel/132/