This chapter provides an overview of the book by critically examining some of the ways in which risk and identity intersect especially in relation to conflict. The relationships between risk, identity and conflict take complex forms, especially when the intersection between identity construction and politics has the potential to create conditions related to risks of conflict, instability, marginalization, human rights abuse and oppression. This is because identity can be used as a means of mobilization to expand political influence, resist hegemony, articulate demands for a group interest or as a means of achieving particular political ends. The book attempts to cover such aspects by looking at specific case studies around the world. While focusing on diverse historical and contextual differences, it also provides some common strands in relation to how various forms of identity such as ethnicity, religion, culture and gender are linked to social and political mobilization, framing of the “Other,” electoral engineering, group oppression and even genocide.