Article
Alternative Antibiotics in Dentistry: Antimicrobial Peptides
Pharmaceutics
(2022)
Abstract
The rise of antibiotic resistant bacteria due to overuse and misuse of antibiotics in medicine and dentistry is a growing concern. New approaches are needed to combat antibiotic resistant (AR) bacterial infections. There are a number of methods available and in development to address AR infections. Dentists conventionally use chemicals such as chlorohexidine and calcium hydroxide to kill oral bacteria, with many groups recently developing more biocompatible antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) for use in the oral cavity. AMPs are promising candidates in the treatment of (oral) infections. Also known as host defense peptides, AMPs have been isolated from animals across all kingdoms of life and play an integral role in the innate immunity of both prokaryotic and eukaryotic organisms by responding to pathogens. Despite progress over the last four decades, there are only a few AMPs approved for clinical use. This review summarizes an Introduction to Oral Microbiome and Oral Infections, Traditional Antibiotics and Alternatives & Antimicrobial Peptides. There is a focus on cationic AMP characteristics and mechanisms of actions, and an overview of animal-derived natural and synthetic AMPs, as well as observed microbial resistance.
Keywords
- antibiotic resistance,
- anti-microbial peptides,
- AMPs,
- microbiome,
- oral infections
Disciplines
Publication Date
2022
DOI
10.3390/pharmaceutics14081679
Publisher Statement
This article belongs to the Special Issue Biomaterials and Agents: Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Applications in Dental Research
Citation Information
Alexandra Griffith, Akilah Manteen, Kenneth Markowitz, Steven R. Singer, et al.. "Alternative Antibiotics in Dentistry: Antimicrobial Peptides" Pharmaceutics Vol. 14 Iss. 8 (2022) p. 1679 ISSN: 1999-4923 Available at: http://works.bepress.com/gregory-wiedman/30/
Creative Commons license
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons CC_BY International License.