Corporate entrepreneurship (CE) has contributed to the rapid growth of emerging-market firms ( EMFs), yet little is known about this phenomenon from a process perspective. This article examines how EMFs develop organizational capabilities in pursuit of CE as a strategy to catch up with their global competitors. By adopting a case study method, our in-depth analysis of two leading Chinese automobile companies identifies specific organizational capabilities that enable firms' CE activities at different stages-initiation, development, and implementation. Our findings also reveal how different means of developing organizational capabilities lead to different catch-up strategies, which subsequently influence firms' entrepreneurial transformation and value creation.