PURPOSE: To present the results of utilizing manual therapy and motor control training in 2 throwers with chronic shoulder pain. RELEVANCE: Supervised exercise with manual therapy has been shown to reduce shoulder pain and disability. A motor control training program based on movement system impairment (MSI) diagnosis has been reported helpful in a patient with subacute shoulder pain. However, minimal evidence exists to support the use of the MSI model (with or without manual therapy) in throwers with chronic shoulder pain. CASE DESCRIPTION: Case 1 was a 50-year-old male softball player with an 8-month history of shoulder pain during throwing activities. Shoulder Pain and Disability Index (SPADI) score at intake was 34 of 130 (26%). Case 2 was a 28-year-old male recreational football thrower with shoulder pain for 6 months. SPADI score at intake was 24 of 130 (18%). MSI diagnosis for both patients was anterior humeral glide syndrome. Therefore, interventions selected for both patients involved motor control training of precise humeral internal rotation (IR) in supine and centered humeral external rotation (ER) in prone, progressing to standing ER and IR exercises with resistive bands and finally to sport-specific throwing. In addition, manual therapy was also used to address cervical spine and/or shoulder mobility deficits (2 visits). RESULTS: Both patients achieved their athletic goal: return to softball for case 1 (4 visits) and return to football for case 2 (6 visits). SPADI at discharge was 3 of 130 (2%) and 4 of 130 (3%) for case 1 and case 2, respectively (greater than MDC/MCID). Follow-up SPADI score was 0 of 130 (0%) and 4 of 130 (3%) for case 1 (4.5 months) and case 2 (1.5 months), respectively. CONCLUSION: Motor control training with manual therapy was effectively applied in 2 recreational throwers with chronic shoulder pain. IMPLICATION: Retraining the quality of functional motion may be a useful adjunct to manual therapy in managing chronic shoulder pain.